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Clarify requirements before you design — kept separate from your stage notes.

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TinyURL Analytics System Design

Visual Problem Diagram

Scenario

Growth team needs click funnels by country and referrer but redirect must stay < 80 ms—every millisecond spent writing analytics synchronously is a lost conversion. Design shortener + stream analytics as two decoupled paths.

Design a URL shortening service with rich click analytics (geo, referrer, device) while keeping redirects extremely fast. Treat redirect and analytics as separate paths joined only by async events.

You should support link CRUD, redirect, and analytics APIs/dashboards. Be ready to explain stream processing and approximate unique counters.

Constraints

Functional

Shorten URL, redirect, click events, aggregate stats API, dashboards, bot filter hooks

Non-functional

< 100 ms redirect p95, analytics lag minutes acceptable, durable event log

Scale

50B clicks/month, 20K redirect RPS peak, billions stored events with TTL

Stages ahead

1Requirement Analysis

2API Design

3High-Level Design

4HLD Extensions

5Trade-offs

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