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Clarify requirements before you design — kept separate from your stage notes.

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Vaccine Booking System Design

Visual Problem Diagram

Vaccine Booking System Design architecture diagram

Scenario

Imagine millions of people trying to book a vaccine appointment the moment registration opens. Within seconds, the system receives an enormous spike in traffic, available slots disappear instantly, and thousands of users compete for the same appointment. Designing a system that remains fast, fair, and reliable under this pressure is a classic large-scale system design challenge.

A vaccine booking platform helps users search for vaccination centers and book available slots online. The main challenge is handling millions of users trying to book a limited number of slots at the same time. The system should remain fast, prevent double bookings, keep slot availability accurate, and provide a fair booking experience for everyone.

Constraints

Functional

List slots by site, book/reschedule/cancel, eligibility check, reminders, waitlist optional

Non-functional

Fair admission under flash load, zero double book, 99.9% availability, accessible UX

Scale

Millions of users, thousands of sites, flash 100K RPS on open, mostly read before write spike

Stages ahead

1Requirement Analysis
2API Design
3High-Level Design
4HLD Extensions
5Trade-offs

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